Highly-flexible fiber-based magneto-mechano-electric generator using organic polymer–inorganic hybrid composites for underwater wireless power transmission

The growing demand for self-powered electronics and wireless power delivery systems has driven the development of advanced multifunctional materials capable of efficient energy conversion and transmission. Multiferroic nanocomposites, which integrate piezoelectric and magnetic properties, offer a promising pathway toward achieving this goal. In this context, the incorporation of 2D magnetic materials into piezoelectric nanofiber matrices presents a novel strategy to significantly enhance energy harvesting and wireless power transfer (WPT) performance. We have developed nanofiber hybrid composites-based magneto-mechano-electric (MME) energy generators. The inclusion of 2D materials significantly improved dielectric and charge transport properties, while the magnetic phase played a crucial role in enhancing magnetoelectric coupling. The optimized sample, obtained by varying 2D content, exhibited a high piezoelectric coefficient of 33 pC/N and a ME voltage coefficient of 38.3 V/cm·Oe under a magnetic field of 50 Hz. Under a 6 Oe alternating magnetic field at 50 Hz, the optimized MME generator produced an RMS voltage of 2.5 V, a current of 0.4 µA, and a power of 2.4 µW/cm³, achieving a power transfer efficiency of 5.37%. Remarkably, the device demonstrated wireless energy transfer capability by powering three LEDs at a distance of 6 cm without any external power source. Additionally, the generator exhibited excellent durability, maintaining stable performance over 3,000 cycles.  It also effectively harvested mechanical energy, generating up to 19 mW/cm³, sufficient to light more than 30 blue LEDs and continuously power two LEDs during human walking. The robust performance of the device can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the high surface area and magnetic tunability of 2D materials, the flexibility and processability of the piezoelectric nanofibers. These features collectively enable enhanced magneto-mechanical coupling, efficient charge generation, and superior electromagnetic interaction under dynamic conditions. These findings underscore the strong potential of nanofiber-based hybrid multiferroic composites for next-generation wearable electronics, wireless sensor systems, biomedical energy harvesting devices, and underwater wireless power transmission.

Mr. Nayak Ram is a research scholar at the Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli. His research interest is focused on advanced materials for energy harvesting, storage, sensors, and biomedical applications. He has published 16 peer-reviewed research articles in international journals. He was nominated for the 16^th Hope Meeting with Nobel Laureates 2025, held in Tokyo, Japan, and received the best presentation Award. Apart from this, during his research tenure, Nayak Ram has been awarded four best oral/poster presentations at international conferences, such as the IEEE-UFFC-sponsored SAFS 2025, IISc Bangalore. He received the DST-INSPIRE fellowship 2021, one of India’s Prestigious fellowships.